In Finance literature, Pecking order theory implies that Firms, while deciding on their capital structure and financing decisions prioritize their sources of financing as follows:
1. Internal funds
2. Debt
3. Equity
It is a popular belief that this pecking order is chosen because of cost of funds i.e. internal funds being the cheapest and Equity being the costliest. However, this is not true. The actual reason why firms choose this pecking order is because; this order helps in reducing information asymmetry. Equity issuance may signal that the firm's stock is overvalued (why will a firm sell more of something when it is undervalued?). Hence the market may react negatively to the firm's equity issuance move… A debt issuance is a better option than the equity issuance because, by issuing debt a firm is effectively signaling that it believes that the cost of financial distress is small and that the firm's future prospects are strong. In the same logic, using internal funds is better than debt issuance because of lesser costs of efforts involved and lesser resistance from external parties.
Now comes the gyaan part. I am of the view that, we can use this theory in our employment search. During an interview there is a whole lot of information asymmetry involved. You know that you have done (or not done) many things, but the interviewer is not able to believe you fully and it is difficult for you to send out credible signals. This being the case picking up cues from Pecking Order will imply that, your order of employment search should be
1. Own network - Least information asymmetry. Easier to send out credible signals
2. Leveraging experience - If you already have experience in a particular field, then you can at least send out credible signals about your past experience and give out references from the field, which will help you clinch a better job in the same field.
3. Career switch - This is the most difficult part, just like equity issuance. There is enormous information asymmetry and hence most difficult to pull off.
But if you do want to exercise the third option, make sure that you have some means of sending out credible signals, which are difficult to be imitated by others...
